Gottesman S, Maurizi M R
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Microbiol Rev. 1992 Dec;56(4):592-621. doi: 10.1128/mr.56.4.592-621.1992.
A number of critical regulatory proteins in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are subject to rapid, energy-dependent proteolysis. Rapid degradation combined with control over biosynthesis provides a mechanism by which the availability of a protein can be limited both temporally and spatially. Highly unstable regulatory proteins are involved in numerous biological functions, particularly at the commitment steps in developmental pathways and in emergency responses. The proteases involved in energy-dependent proteolysis are large proteins with the ability to use ATP to scan for appropriate targets and degrade complete proteins in a processive manner. These cytoplasmic proteases are also able to degrade many abnormal proteins in the cell.
原核细胞和真核细胞中的许多关键调节蛋白都要经历快速的、能量依赖的蛋白水解过程。快速降解与生物合成控制相结合，提供了一种机制，通过该机制可以在时间和空间上限制蛋白质的可用性。高度不稳定的调节蛋白参与多种生物学功能，特别是在发育途径的关键步骤和应急反应中。参与能量依赖蛋白水解的蛋白酶是大型蛋白质，能够利用ATP来扫描合适的靶标，并以连续的方式降解完整的蛋白质。这些细胞质蛋白酶也能够降解细胞中的许多异常蛋白质。
