Ricketts M, Deschamps L
Can J Infect Control. 1992 Autumn;7(3):85-90.
The authors undertook a review of published articles on reported worldwide seroconversions to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among workers who sustained occupational exposure to HIV. Documented seroconversions are occupational exposures for which the worker is tested and found negative for HIV antibody shortly after the exposure (usually within 30 days). The worker may develop symptoms of a retroviral illness, and seroconversion occurs usually within six months. In all cases the worker is interviewed to determine that there were no other risk factors for infection. Review of the literature identified 16 parenteral exposures (needlesticks or cuts with a sharp object), two mucous membrane exposures, two nonintact skin exposures and one cutaneous exposure to infected blood or body fluids.
作者对已发表的关于全球范围内职业暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的工作人员血清转化情况的文章进行了综述。有记录的血清转化是指工作人员在职业暴露后接受检测，且在暴露后不久（通常在30天内）HIV抗体检测呈阴性。工作人员可能会出现逆转录病毒疾病的症状，血清转化通常发生在六个月内。在所有病例中，都会对工作人员进行访谈，以确定不存在其他感染风险因素。文献综述确定了16例经肠道外暴露（针刺伤或被尖锐物体割伤）、2例黏膜暴露、2例非完整皮肤暴露以及1例皮肤接触感染血液或体液的情况。
