Veeken H, Verbeek J, Houweling H, Cobelens F
Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Trop Doct. 1991 Jan;21(1):28-31. doi: 10.1177/004947559102100112.
A literature review revealed 33 reports of health care workers who have contracted HIV infection as a result of their work. Four of these were expatriate doctors who had worked in Africa. The commonest mode of transmission was needlestick injury, but several infections acquired through contact or skin or mucous membrane with infected blood have been reported. In this paper we outline how the risk of HIV infection in a health care worker can be estimated for a given number of exposures. The formula is based on the known likelihood of transmission per needlestick, the seroprevalence rate among patients, and the number of needlestick injuries that occur. We also suggest a list of measures by which the risk of HIV transmission to hospital staff can be minimized.
一项文献综述显示，有33份关于医护人员因工作感染艾滋病毒的报告。其中4人是曾在非洲工作的外籍医生。最常见的传播方式是针刺伤，但也有几例报告称是通过接触或皮肤或黏膜接触受感染血液而感染。在本文中，我们概述了如何针对给定数量的暴露事件估算医护人员感染艾滋病毒的风险。该公式基于每次针刺已知的传播可能性、患者中的血清阳性率以及发生的针刺伤数量。我们还提出了一系列措施，通过这些措施可将艾滋病毒传播给医院工作人员的风险降至最低。
