Callegan M C, Hill J M, Insler M S, Hobden J A, O'Callaghan R J
Department of Microbiology, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans 70112.
Curr Eye Res. 1992 Nov;11(11):1111-9. doi: 10.3109/02713689209015083.
To determine the efficacy of a fluoroquinolone antibiotic in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) keratitis, topical administration of 0.3% ciprofloxacin was compared with topical 5.0% vancomycin or 5.0% cefazolin in experimental infections in the rabbit eye. The infections were established by intrastromal injection of 100 colony forming units (CFU) of MRSA, which resulted in greater than 10(6) CFU per cornea by 12 hr postinfection. Chemotherapy (one drop every 15 min) was given from 4-9, 10-15, or 10-20 hr postinfection. Early therapy (4-9 hr postinfection) with ciprofloxacin rendered all eyes free of bacteria; ciprofloxacin was significantly more effective than vancomycin or cefazolin. When treatment was initiated 6 hr later (10-15 hr postinfection), no corneas became free of bacteria, but ciprofloxacin was again more effective than vancomycin or cefazolin. Bacterial killing by ciprofloxacin after treatment from 10-20 hr postinfection was also significantly greater than that of vancomycin. Overall, the results show that ciprofloxacin is effective in killing methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, and is most effective when applied during the very early stages of infection.
为确定氟喹诺酮类抗生素治疗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）角膜炎的疗效，在兔眼实验性感染中，将0.3%环丙沙星局部给药与5.0%万古霉素或5.0%头孢唑林局部给药进行比较。通过基质内注射100个耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌菌落形成单位（CFU）建立感染，感染后12小时每只角膜的细菌数量超过10(6) CFU。在感染后4 - 9、10 - 15或10 - 20小时进行化疗（每15分钟滴一滴）。感染后早期（4 - 9小时）使用环丙沙星治疗可使所有眼睛无菌；环丙沙星比万古霉素或头孢唑林显著更有效。当在6小时后（感染后10 - 15小时）开始治疗时，没有角膜能清除细菌，但环丙沙星再次比万古霉素或头孢唑林更有效。感染后10 - 20小时治疗后环丙沙星的杀菌效果也显著高于万古霉素。总体而言，结果表明环丙沙星对杀灭耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌有效，且在感染极早期应用时最有效。
