Callegan M C, Hobden J A, Hill J M, Insler M S, O'Callaghan R J
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992 Oct;33(11):3017-23.
A rabbit model of Staphylococcus aureus keratitis was developed to study the chemotherapeutic efficacy of ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and cefazolin. Intrastromal injection of 100 colony forming units of log phase S. aureus ATCC strain 25923 resulted in rapid growth in the cornea, peaking at 10(7) cfu/cornea by 12 hr post-infection. Slit-lamp examination revealed that infected eyes reached 30% of maximum inflammation by 10 hr and 60% by 22 hr post-infection. Antibiotic therapy (one drop every 15 min for 5 hr) was initiated at 4 hr post-infection (experiment 1) or 10 hr post-infection (experiment 2). Another group was initiated at 10 hr post-infection and treated for 10 hr (experiment 3). In experiment 1, treatment from 4-9 hr post-infection with 0.3% ciprofloxacin drops decreased the cfu per cornea 6.1 logs, compared to placebo-treated controls (P = 0.0001), and rendered 50% of inoculated eyes sterile. Vancomycin (5.0%) and cefazolin (5.0%) each lowered the cfu per cornea 4.6 logs (P = 0.0187) but did not sterilize any eyes. In experiment 2, therapy from 10-15 hr post-infection with 0.3% ciprofloxacin reduced the cfu per cornea 0.9 logs (P = 0.0001). Vancomycin (5.0%) and cefazolin (5.0%) decreased the cfu per cornea 0.2 logs (P = 0.3973) and 0.3 logs (P = 0.1307), respectively. In experiment 3, therapy from 10-20 hr post-infection with 0.3% ciprofloxacin reduced the cfu per cornea 3.9 logs (P < 0.0001). In this keratitis model, ciprofloxacin was more effective than vancomycin or cefazolin in killing S. aureus.
建立了金黄色葡萄球菌角膜炎兔模型，以研究环丙沙星、万古霉素和头孢唑林的化疗效果。向角膜基质内注射100个对数期金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC菌株25923的菌落形成单位，导致角膜内细菌快速生长，感染后12小时达到每角膜10(7) cfu的峰值。裂隙灯检查显示，感染的眼睛在感染后10小时达到最大炎症的30%，在22小时达到60%。在感染后4小时（实验1）或10小时（实验2）开始抗生素治疗（每15分钟一滴，持续5小时）。另一组在感染后10小时开始治疗，并持续10小时（实验3）。在实验1中，与安慰剂治疗的对照组相比，感染后4至9小时用0.3%环丙沙星滴眼液治疗使每角膜cfu降低6.1个对数（P = 0.0001），并使50%的接种眼无菌。万古霉素（5.0%）和头孢唑林（5.0%）各自使每角膜cfu降低4.6个对数（P = 0.
