Sipes S L, Malee M P
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1992 Dec;19(4):655-77.
Disorders of the pituitary gland such as diabetes insipidus, pituitary adenomas, and hyperprolactinemia, disorders of the thyroid gland such as Graves' disease and hypothyroidism, and diseases of the adrenal gland such as adrenocortical insufficiency and Cushing's syndrome can complicate pregnancy. The goals of this article were to provide a basic scientific understanding of the normal function of these endocrine glands, their pregnancy-related changes, and suggestions for diagnosis and treatment of maternal and fetal endocrine disorders during pregnancy. Antenatal recognition and appropriate management of the disorders that especially affect the fetus (i.e., maternal Graves' disease, fetal hypothyroidism, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia) is essential in order to prevent fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
垂体疾病，如尿崩症、垂体腺瘤和高催乳素血症；甲状腺疾病，如格雷夫斯病和甲状腺功能减退；以及肾上腺疾病，如肾上腺皮质功能不全和库欣综合征，都会使妊娠复杂化。本文的目的是提供对这些内分泌腺正常功能、其与妊娠相关的变化，以及孕期母婴内分泌疾病诊断和治疗建议的基本科学理解。为预防胎儿和新生儿发病及死亡，对特别影响胎儿的疾病（即母体格雷夫斯病、胎儿甲状腺功能减退和先天性肾上腺增生）进行产前识别和适当管理至关重要。
