Hein I A, O'Brien W D
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1992 Nov;39(11):1111-22. doi: 10.1109/10.168687.
The validation of the ultrasound time-domain correlation method of measuring blood flow has required the development of a flexible blood flow phantom capable of generating predictable flow profiles under a wide variety of conditions. The purpose of the phantom is to generate flow with well-known flow properties and not to mimic actual in vivo vessels. This paper describes a flow phantom which can independently generate both constant and pulsatile flow over a wide range of flow rates with a spatially fully developed laminar flow profile. It incorporates a computer-controlled pulsatile pump, which can produce different temporal pulsatile waveforms. The flow phantom also supports multiple vessels, different vessel sizes, as well as different attenuating media. The fluid most commonly used in the phantom is Sephadex mixed with water, and the probability density function of ultrasound reflected from Sephadex is experimentally determined and compared with that of blood. Examples of different constant and pulsatile flow experiments using the phantom are presented.
验证超声时域相关法测量血流需要开发一种灵活的血流模拟体模，该体模能够在各种条件下生成可预测的血流剖面。该体模的目的是生成具有已知血流特性的血流，而不是模拟实际的体内血管。本文描述了一种血流模拟体模，它可以在很宽的流速范围内独立产生恒定流和脉动流，且具有空间充分发展的层流剖面。它包含一个计算机控制的脉动泵，该泵可以产生不同的时间脉动波形。该血流模拟体模还支持多个血管、不同的血管尺寸以及不同的衰减介质。模拟体模中最常用的流体是与水混合的葡聚糖，通过实验确定了从葡聚糖反射的超声的概率密度函数，并与血液的概率密度函数进行了比较。文中给出了使用该模拟体模进行不同恒定流和脉动流实验的示例。
