Pierre J C, Senneville E, Ajana F, Santre C, Chidiac C, Mouton Y
Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, Services des Maladies Infectieuses et du Voyageur.
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1992;21(8):935-42.
We report five cases of varicella pneumonia among ten otherwise healthy pregnant women who were admitted in our hospital between 1986 and 1991 with chickenpox. The precise frequency of this rare complication is not well known actually but analysis of the literature shows that the mortality rate is about 20%. Beside the problem of the fetal varicella syndrome, the other complication is the severe varicella of the neonate which can appear when varicella occurs in the mother within 5 days before, and 2 days after delivery. When primary varicella infection occurs during pregnancy clinical examination must be repeated for a week after occurring of the exanthema to find elements of severity significance. Acyclovir is the drug of choice (10 to 15 mg/kg every 8 hours) for 7 days when pneumonia is present. Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin is useful for prophylaxis and for neonates with high risk of severe varicella.
我们报告了1986年至1991年间在我院收治的10例患水痘的健康孕妇中出现的5例水痘肺炎病例。这种罕见并发症的确切发生率目前尚不清楚，但文献分析表明死亡率约为20%。除了胎儿水痘综合征问题外，另一种并发症是新生儿严重水痘，当母亲在分娩前5天至分娩后2天内患水痘时可能出现。孕期发生原发性水痘感染时，皮疹出现后必须连续一周重复进行临床检查，以发现具有严重意义的体征。出现肺炎时，阿昔洛韦是首选药物（每8小时10至15毫克/千克），疗程7天。水痘-带状疱疹免疫球蛋白对预防以及对有严重水痘高风险的新生儿有用。
