Cytochalasin inhibits light-dependent synaptic plasticity of horizontal cells in teleost retina.

Previous studies have shown that the horizontal cell-->cone photoreceptor negative feedback synapse in teleost fish retinae is 'plastic', being suppressed in the dark and potentiated by light adaptation. The possible involvement of filamentous actin in ultrastructural and electrophysiological aspects of this plasticity has been investigated using cytochalasins, which inhibit actin turnover, in the cyprinid fish (roach) retinae. Cytochalasin B or D (40 microM) inhibited both the light-dependent formation and maintenance of spinules, and enhancement of the feedback interaction involved in generation of biphasic spectral responses in horizontal cells. The results suggest that actin turnover is essential for both ultrastructural and electrophysiological plasticity of horizontal cell feedback and that spinules could mediate this dynamic interaction.