Tiley C, Powles R, Catalano J, Treleaven J, Eshelby J, Hewetson M, Tait D, Cunningham D
Leukaemia Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, U.K.
Leuk Lymphoma. 1992 Jul;7(4):317-21. doi: 10.3109/10428199209049784.
Total body irradiation (TBI) is a highly emetogenic component of the majority of conditioning regimens in use for bone marrow transplantation. Conventional antiemetic therapy fails to control nausea and vomiting induced by single fraction TBI in as many as 50% of patients. In a double blind study of 20 patients undergoing marrow transplantation, a single 8 mg ondansetron dose was compared with placebo given immediately prior to TBI. Our routine premedication of phenobarbitone and corticosteroid was also administered to all patients. All patients had received high dose melphalan the previous evening. Only 1 of the 10 patients in the ondansetron group experienced an emetic event compared with 5 of the 10 in the comparison group (p = 0.029). No significant adverse events were observed. Ondansetron appears to have extremely useful antiemetic activity during single fraction low dose rate TBI.
全身照射（TBI）是大多数用于骨髓移植的预处理方案中一种高度致吐的成分。传统的止吐疗法在多达50%的患者中无法控制单次分割TBI引起的恶心和呕吐。在一项对20例接受骨髓移植患者的双盲研究中，将单次8毫克昂丹司琼剂量与TBI前立即给予的安慰剂进行了比较。所有患者还接受了我们常规的苯巴比妥和皮质类固醇预处理。所有患者在前一晚均接受了高剂量美法仑。昂丹司琼组10例患者中只有1例发生呕吐事件，而对照组10例中有5例（p = 0.029）。未观察到明显的不良事件。昂丹司琼在单次分割低剂量率TBI期间似乎具有极其有用的止吐活性。
