Wang X M, Cui F Z, Ge J, Wang Y
Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
J Struct Biol. 2004 Mar;145(3):236-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jsb.2003.10.028.
The alterations of hierarchical structures of bone by gene mutation in the zebrafish, which is associated with abnormal bone mineralization and bone disease, were reported for the first time in this paper. Bone samples from the liliput(dtc232) (lil) mutants as well as normal controls were studied by polarized light microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). Light microscopy examinations reveal that the lil bone has asymmetric mineralization and much thinner bone wall. The SEM studies show a lot of microcracks in lil bone wall. And the plywood-like structure of the normal bone does not exist in the lil bone, which is confirmed by the measurements of polarized light microscope. Furthermore, the TEM investigations display the collagen fibrils with two typical diameters. For the thinner collagen fibrils, the diameter of lil bone is about twice larger than that of the wild-type bone. And for the thicker one, there is a small increase in diameter after mutation and the band periodicity of the lil bone is similar with that of wild-type bone, which is consistent with the result of AFM. The morphologies of the minerals revealed that the mutated mineral was in bigger size and the shape was irregular but not plate-shaped.
本文首次报道了斑马鱼基因突变导致的骨层次结构改变，这与骨矿化异常和骨疾病相关。通过偏光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）对来自liliput(dtc232)（lil）突变体以及正常对照的骨样本进行了研究。光学显微镜检查显示，lil骨矿化不对称且骨壁薄得多。SEM研究表明lil骨壁存在许多微裂纹。偏光显微镜测量证实，lil骨中不存在正常骨的胶合板样结构。此外，TEM研究显示了具有两种典型直径的胶原纤维。对于较细的胶原纤维，lil骨的直径约为野生型骨的两倍。对于较粗的胶原纤维，突变后直径略有增加，且lil骨的带周期与野生型骨相似，这与AFM的结果一致。矿物质的形态表明，突变后的矿物质尺寸更大，形状不规则，而非板状。
