Heath D L, Vink R
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
J Neurosci Nurs. 1999 Apr;31(2):97-105. doi: 10.1097/01376517-199904000-00006.
Effective management of brain-injured patients requires that nurses have a specialized body of knowledge relating to the pathophysiology and treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Current research in this area has focused on the cascade of secondary injury which leads to the irreversible tissue damage following TBI. Such processes involve excitatory amino acids, neurotransmitters, ion changes, lipid peroxidation, oxygen free radicals, opioids, lactic acidosis and magnesium to name but a few. Given that no accepted treatment paradigm exists to attenuate these secondary processes, nurses may have to autonomously devise individual care plans based on their current understanding of brain injury pathophysiology.
对脑损伤患者进行有效的管理，要求护士具备与创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的病理生理学和治疗相关的专业知识体系。该领域目前的研究集中在继发性损伤的级联反应上，这种反应会导致TBI后不可逆的组织损伤。这些过程涉及兴奋性氨基酸、神经递质、离子变化、脂质过氧化、氧自由基、阿片类药物、乳酸酸中毒和镁等，仅举几例。鉴于目前尚无公认的治疗模式来减轻这些继发性过程，护士可能不得不根据他们目前对脑损伤病理生理学的理解，自主制定个性化的护理计划。
