Aust G
Beratungsstelle für Hoerbehinderte, Bezirksamt Neukoelln von Berlin, Germany.
Int Tinnitus J. 2001;7(1):27-9.
Gentamicin is a potentially ototoxic drug routinely used for treatment of life-threatening infectious diseases in neonatology. In study 1, of 8,333 children examined for hearing disorders, 134 (1.6%) had received previous treatment with gentamicin. Only eight (6.0%) suffered from various extents of sensorineural hearing impairment, and all eight had a history of other risk factors of hearing loss (e.g., perinatal asphyxia, acidosis, icterus gravis, or meningitis). In study 2, 30 children (mean age, 13.2 months) with normal hearing had received gentamicin during the newborn phase, and 30 healthy children of similar age without previous gentamicin treatment were examined for vestibular function. Neither in the number of spontaneous eye movements nor in the means of the nystagmus parameters of the rotatory test did the data show any significant difference between the groups. The results indicate that gentamicin in controlled therapeutic doses has a less ototoxic and vestibulotoxic effect in newborns than it does in older children or in adults.
庆大霉素是一种具有潜在耳毒性的药物，常用于治疗新生儿危及生命的传染病。在研究1中，在8333名接受听力障碍检查的儿童中，有134名（1.6%）曾接受过庆大霉素治疗。其中只有8名（6.0%）患有不同程度的感音神经性听力损伤，且这8名儿童均有其他听力损失风险因素（如围产期窒息、酸中毒、重症黄疸或脑膜炎）病史。在研究2中，30名听力正常的儿童（平均年龄13.2个月）在新生儿期接受了庆大霉素治疗，对30名年龄相仿、未接受过庆大霉素治疗的健康儿童进行了前庭功能检查。无论是自发性眼动次数还是旋转试验的眼震参数均值，两组数据均未显示出任何显著差异。结果表明，与大龄儿童或成人相比，治疗剂量可控的庆大霉素对新生儿的耳毒性和前庭毒性作用较小。
