Garinis Angela C, Kemph Alison, Tharpe Anne Marie, Weitkamp Joern-Hendrik, McEvoy Cynthia, Steyger Peter S
a Oregon Hearing Research Center, Otolaryngology , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , OR , USA.
b National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research , VA Portland Health Care System , Portland , OR , USA.
Int J Audiol. 2018 Sep;57(sup4):S41-S48. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2017.1339130. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
Neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at greater risk of permanent hearing loss compared to infants in well mother and baby units. Several factors have been associated with this increased prevalence of hearing loss, including congenital infections (e.g. cytomegalovirus or syphilis), ototoxic drugs (such as aminoglycoside or glycopeptide antibiotics), low birth weight, hypoxia and length of stay. The aetiology of this increased prevalence of hearing loss remains poorly understood.
Here we review current practice and discuss the feasibility of designing improved ototoxicity screening and monitoring protocols to better identify acquired, drug-induced hearing loss in NICU neonates.
A review of published literature.
We conclude that current audiological screening or monitoring protocols for neonates are not designed to adequately detect early onset of ototoxicity. This paper offers a detailed review of evidence-based research, and offers recommendations for developing and implementing an ototoxicity monitoring protocol for young infants, before and after discharge from the hospital.
与母婴健康状况良好的病房中的婴儿相比，入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的新生儿发生永久性听力损失的风险更高。多种因素与听力损失患病率增加相关，包括先天性感染（如巨细胞病毒或梅毒）、耳毒性药物（如氨基糖苷类或糖肽类抗生素）、低出生体重、缺氧和住院时间。听力损失患病率增加的病因仍知之甚少。
在此，我们回顾当前的做法，并讨论设计改进的耳毒性筛查和监测方案以更好地识别NICU新生儿获得性、药物性听力损失的可行性。
对已发表文献的综述。
我们得出结论，目前针对新生儿的听力筛查或监测方案并非旨在充分检测耳毒性的早期发作。本文对循证研究进行了详细综述，并为制定和实施针对婴儿出院前后的耳毒性监测方案提供了建议。
