Unadkat Jashvant D, Dahlin Amber, Vijay Shashi
Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA.
Curr Drug Metab. 2004 Feb;5(1):125-31. doi: 10.2174/1389200043489171.
Any treatment of a pregnant woman with medication (drugs) de facto results in the treatment of her unborn child, even when her unborn child is not the target of drug therapy. This is because, in most instances, the placenta is not a complete barrier to the passage of drugs from the maternal to the fetal compartment. This barrier is in part due to the presence of various efflux transporters in the placenta. The placenta is also richly endowed with influx transporters. In this article, we will review the physiological characteristics of the placenta and how it functions as a barrier to passage of drugs into the fetal compartment. In addition, we will review placental transporters that are important in modulating the exposure of the fetus to drugs and, therefore, the efficacy and toxicity of such drugs towards the fetus.
事实上，对孕妇使用药物进行任何治疗，即使其未出生的胎儿并非药物治疗的目标，实际上也会对其未出生的胎儿进行治疗。这是因为在大多数情况下，胎盘并非药物从母体进入胎儿体内的完全屏障。这种屏障部分归因于胎盘中存在各种外排转运蛋白。胎盘还富含内流转运蛋白。在本文中，我们将综述胎盘的生理特征以及它如何作为药物进入胎儿体内的屏障发挥作用。此外，我们还将综述在调节胎儿对药物的暴露以及此类药物对胎儿的疗效和毒性方面起重要作用的胎盘转运蛋白。
