Kozłowska-Rup Danuta, Czekaj Piotr
Zakład Histologii, Katedra Morfologii, Slaski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach.
Ginekol Pol. 2011 Jan;82(1):56-63.
Both a pregnant woman and a fetus are exposed to a wide range of xenobiotics. Placenta provides the only link between the mother and the developing fetus. It plays a major protective role acting as a semi-permeable barrier to minimize fetal exposure to exogenous compounds. Membrane proteins taking part in the xenobiotic transport were found in human placenta, both in syncytiotrophoblast and fetal capillaries. Most importantly placental ABC transporters--P-glycoprotein, BCRP and MRP--protect placental and fetal tissues by the efflux of their substrates. However; a decline in placental ABC transporter expressions was observed in some disorders. As a result, many drugs may cross the placental barrier increasing the risk of teratogenic effects. Thus, knowledge about placental transport proteins and pharmacological control of ABC proteins activity has important clinical implications. It is very important in the context of effective and safe pharmacotherapy during pregnancy. In this review, we summarized the current state of knowledge about the barrier role of ABC transporters in the human placenta.
孕妇和胎儿都会接触到各种各样的外源性物质。胎盘是母亲与发育中的胎儿之间的唯一联系。它起着主要的保护作用，作为半透性屏障，尽量减少胎儿接触外源性化合物。在人胎盘中，无论是合体滋养层还是胎儿毛细血管中，都发现了参与外源性物质转运的膜蛋白。最重要的是胎盘ABC转运蛋白——P-糖蛋白、乳腺癌耐药蛋白（BCRP）和多药耐药相关蛋白（MRP）——通过其底物的外排来保护胎盘和胎儿组织。然而，在某些疾病中观察到胎盘ABC转运蛋白表达下降。结果，许多药物可能会穿过胎盘屏障，增加致畸作用的风险。因此，关于胎盘转运蛋白的知识以及ABC蛋白活性的药理学控制具有重要的临床意义。这在孕期有效且安全的药物治疗方面非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于ABC转运蛋白在人胎盘中的屏障作用的当前知识状态。
