Gols Rieta, Roosjen Mara, Dijkman Herman, Dicke Marcel
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
J Chem Ecol. 2003 Dec;29(12):2651-66. doi: 10.1023/b:joec.0000008010.40606.b0.
Jasmonic acid (JA) and the octadecanoid pathway are involved in both induced direct and induced indirect plant responses. In this study, the herbivorous mite, Tetranychus urticae, and its predator, Phytoseiulus persimilis, were given a choice between Lima bean plants induced by JA or spider mites and uninduced control plants. Infestation densities resulting in the induction of predator attractants were much lower than thus far assumed, i.e., predatory mites were significantly attracted to plants that were infested for 2 days with only one or four spider mites per plant. Phytoseiulus persimilis showed a density-dependent response to volatiles from plants that were infested with different numbers of spider mites. Similarly, treating plants with increasing concentrations of JA also led to increased attraction of P. persimilis. Moreover, the duration of spider mite infestation was positively correlated with the proportion of predators that were attracted to mite-infested plants. A pretreatment of the plants with JA followed by a spider mite infestation enhanced the attraction of P. persimilis to plant volatiles compared to attraction to volatiles from plants that were only infested with spider mites and did not receive a pretreatment with JA. The herbivore, T. urticae preferred leaf tissue that previously had been infested with conspecifics to uninfested leaf tissue. In the case of choice tests with JA-induced and control leaf tissue, spider mites slightly preferred control leaf tissue. When spider mites were given a choice between leaf discs induced by JA and leaf discs damaged by spider mite feeding, they preferred the latter. The presence of herbivore induced chemicals and/or spider mite products enhanced settlement of the mites, whereas treatment with JA seemed to impede settlement.
茉莉酸（JA）和十八碳途径参与植物的诱导直接防御和诱导间接防御反应。在本研究中，让植食性螨类二斑叶螨及其捕食者智利小植绥螨在经茉莉酸或叶螨诱导的利马豆植株与未诱导的对照植株之间进行选择。诱导捕食者引诱剂产生的侵害密度远低于目前所认为的水平，即捕食螨显著被每株仅感染1只或4只叶螨达2天的植株所吸引。智利小植绥螨对感染不同数量叶螨的植株释放的挥发物表现出密度依赖性反应。同样，用浓度递增的茉莉酸处理植株也会增加智利小植绥螨的吸引力。此外，叶螨侵害的持续时间与被螨害植株吸引的捕食者比例呈正相关。与仅受叶螨侵害而未用茉莉酸预处理的植株挥发物相比，先用茉莉酸预处理植株再接种叶螨，会增强智利小植绥螨对植株挥发物的吸引力。植食性螨类二斑叶螨更喜欢先前已被同种螨侵害的叶片组织，而非未受侵害的叶片组织。在茉莉酸诱导的叶片组织与对照叶片组织的选择试验中，叶螨略微偏好对照叶片组织。当让叶螨在茉莉酸诱导的叶盘和因叶螨取食而受损的叶盘之间进行选择时，它们更喜欢后者。植食性螨诱导的化学物质和/或叶螨产物的存在会促进螨类的栖息，而用茉莉酸处理似乎会阻碍栖息。
