Carreto-Vélez Miguel Angel, Carrada-Bravo Teodoro, Martínez-Magdaleno Angel
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital General de Zona con MF2, Avenida de la Reforma 307 Fraccionamiento Games 36650, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
Salud Publica Mex. 2003;45 Supp 5:S690-3.
To investigate the seroprevalence of viral markers for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses, in blood donors at the General Hospital No. 2 Family Medicine Unit, of the Mexican Social Security Institute in Irapuato, Mexico.
A cross-sectional descriptive study. Data was recorded on blood bank forms, and risk factors and illnesses were studied in the 7,056 blood donors at the General Hospital No. 2 Family Medicine Unit, of the Mexican Social Security Institute in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico, over a period of two years (from July 1998 to June 2000). A sample of 4,010 donors was obtained, each of whom underwent serological tests for HBV, HCV and HIV, serotypes 1 and 2, using an enzymatic immunoassay of third generation in serum or human plasma; seroprevalence rate of seropositive donors was calculated and stratified by age and sex.
The combined seroprevalence for HBV, HCV and HIV was 2.5% (101); HCV was 1.14% (46), HBV, 1.12% (45), and HIV, 0.24% (10). In males, HBV was 1.04% (33), HCV 1.07% (34), and HIV, 0.28% (9). In females, HBV was 1.42% (12), HCV was 1.42% (12), and HIV was 0.11% (1). Seropositive males had a 2.4 higher rate as compared to females.
The seroprevalence of viral markers was greater than that reported in previous studies carried out in Mexico, which suggests that sexual transmission was the principal mechanism of infection; this reflects poor health education and the need to carefully select potential donors. The English version of this paper is available at:http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html.
调查墨西哥伊拉普阿托市墨西哥社会保障局第二综合医院家庭医学科献血者中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）病毒标志物的血清流行率。
一项横断面描述性研究。数据记录在血库表格上，对墨西哥瓜纳华托州伊拉普阿托市墨西哥社会保障局第二综合医院家庭医学科的7056名献血者在两年时间（1998年7月至2000年6月）内的危险因素和疾病进行了研究。获取了4010名献血者的样本，每人使用血清或人血浆中的第三代酶免疫测定法进行了HBV、HCV和HIV 1型和2型的血清学检测；计算了血清阳性献血者的血清流行率，并按年龄和性别进行分层。
HBV、HCV和HIV的综合血清流行率为2.5%（101例）；HCV为1.14%（46例），HBV为1.12%（45例），HIV为0.24%（10例）。男性中，HBV为1.04%（33例），HCV为1.07%（34例），HIV为0.28%（9例）。女性中，HBV为1.42%（12例），HCV为1.42%（12例），HIV为0.11%（1例）。血清阳性男性的比率比女性高2.4倍。
病毒标志物的血清流行率高于此前在墨西哥开展的研究报告，这表明性传播是主要感染机制；这反映出健康教育不足以及需要仔细筛选潜在献血者。本文的英文版本可在以下网址获取：http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html。
