Chumlea W M C, Sun S S
WSU School of Medicine, Community Health, Lifespan Health Research Center, 3171 Research Blvd., Kettering, OH 45420-4014, USA.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2004;8(2):76-82.
A significant public health issue is the nutritional, functional and health status of the elderly, many of whom live to very old ages, and three-quarters are living in developing countries. The assessment of health and nutritional status for the elderly needs improving in order to reduce health care costs. Health, function, disease and disability are associated with amounts of bone, fat and muscle in the body s composition. The ability to screen elderly persons for osteoporosis, obesity or sarcopenia requires normal distributions of measures of stature, weight and body composition in old age. Distribution statistics and selected percentiles for stature and weight are available from national health surveys in numerous countries. There are also numerous sets of body composition data collected from elderly persons around the world. These data sets provide important and valid descriptive information as a supplement to national reference data sets. The largest available data set for the elderly is the NHANES III, but in terms of numbers, the NHANES III sample of elderly is limited to availability of the 25th and 75th percentiles levels for stature, weight and BMI from 60 to 90 years of age for non-Hispanic Whites, and from 60 to 79 years of age for non-Hispanic Blacks and Mexican Americans.
一个重大的公共卫生问题是老年人的营养、功能和健康状况，其中许多人活到了很高的年龄，并且四分之三生活在发展中国家。为了降低医疗保健成本，老年人健康和营养状况的评估需要改进。健康、功能、疾病和残疾与身体成分中骨骼、脂肪和肌肉的含量有关。对老年人进行骨质疏松症、肥胖症或肌肉减少症筛查的能力需要老年时期身高、体重和身体成分测量的正态分布。许多国家的国民健康调查提供了身高和体重的分布统计数据和选定的百分位数。世界各地还收集了大量老年人的身体成分数据集。这些数据集作为国家参考数据集的补充，提供了重要且有效的描述性信息。现有的最大的老年人数据集是第三次美国国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES III），但就数量而言，NHANES III中老年人样本仅限于非西班牙裔白人60至90岁、非西班牙裔黑人及墨西哥裔美国人60至79岁的身高、体重和体重指数的第25和第75百分位数水平。
