大学生饮酒时吸烟的主观影响调查。

Survey of subjective effects of smoking while drinking among college students.

作者信息

McKee Sherry A, Hinson Riley, Rounsaville Dan, Petrelli Paula

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

出版信息

Nicotine Tob Res. 2004 Feb;6(1):111-7. doi: 10.1080/14622200310001656939.

Abstract

Prevalence of tobacco use among the college-aged population is approximately 30%; a significant percentage of students initiate use or transition to regular use during their college years. This study examined the relationship between drinking and smoking rates, subjective reactivity of concurrent effects of alcohol and tobacco use, and expectations of smoking while under the influence of alcohol in first-year college students. The sample consisted of ever-smokers (n=217), who had smoked at least once in the past year, with a mean age of 19.67 years. Weekly alcohol consumption was 18.53 standard drinks per week, with 2.95 drinking episodes per week. Of the sample, 54% were classified as smokers (smoked more than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime) and 46% were classified as experimenters (smoked less than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime). Results demonstrated that 74% of all smoking episodes occurred while under the influence of alcohol. Smokers had higher levels of alcohol use and reported greater subjective effects from the simultaneous use of alcohol and tobacco. Smokers also were more likely to generate expectancies acknowledging an increase in smoking while drinking and for smoking to enhance reinforcement from alcohol. Experimenters were most likely to report positive reinforcement from smoking while under the influence of alcohol. Overall, smokers experienced stronger subjective effects of concurrent alcohol and tobacco use; however, results suggest that smoking while under the influence of alcohol is a positive experience even for relatively inexperienced smokers.

摘要

在大学适龄人群中,烟草使用率约为30%;相当比例的学生在大学期间开始使用烟草或转变为经常使用。本研究调查了一年级大学生的饮酒率与吸烟率之间的关系、酒精和烟草同时使用时的主观反应以及饮酒时吸烟的预期。样本包括曾经吸烟者(n = 217),他们在过去一年中至少吸过一次烟,平均年龄为19.67岁。每周酒精消费量为每周18.53标准饮酒单位,每周饮酒次数为2.95次。在样本中,54%被归类为吸烟者(一生中吸烟超过100支),46%被归类为尝试吸烟者(一生中吸烟少于100支)。结果表明,所有吸烟行为中有74%发生在饮酒时。吸烟者的酒精使用水平更高,并且报告说同时使用酒精和烟草会产生更大的主观影响。吸烟者也更有可能产生这样的预期,即承认饮酒时吸烟会增加,并且吸烟会增强酒精的强化作用。尝试吸烟者最有可能报告在饮酒时吸烟会带来积极强化作用。总体而言,吸烟者在同时使用酒精和烟草时会经历更强的主观影响;然而,结果表明,即使对于相对缺乏经验的吸烟者来说,饮酒时吸烟也是一种积极的体验。

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