Thrul Johannes, Gubner Noah R, Nguyen Nhung, Nguyen Charlie, Goodell Erin Anderson, Holmes Louisa M, Vandrey Ryan G, Ling Pamela M
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, United States; Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Australia.
Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
Addict Behav. 2021 Mar;114:106747. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106747. Epub 2020 Nov 29.
Smoking cigarettes under the influence of alcohol or cannabis is associated with perceived pleasure. However, it is unclear whether these changes in perceived reward impact the extent of concurrent use of cigarettes with alcohol or cannabis. The current study investigated if self-reported changes in perceived reward from concurrent use of cigarettes with alcohol or cannabis are related to the extent of concurrent use in real-world contexts using a smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) study.
The sample included 126 diverse young adult smokers in the San Francisco Bay Area who reported current alcohol or cannabis use at baseline (M = 22.8 years, 50.8% male, 40.5% sexual minority, 39.7% Non-Hispanic White). Participants completed an online baseline survey and 30 days of smartphone-based daily EMA surveys of cigarette, alcohol, and cannabis use. The baseline assessed self-reported changes in perceived pleasure of smoking cigarettes while using alcohol or cannabis separately. EMA surveys included detailed questions about concurrent use (i.e., the extent of smoking while using another substance) covering the previous day. A total of 2,600 daily assessments were analyzed using mixed models.
Higher perceived pleasure from smoking cigarettes while drinking alcohol or using cannabis at baseline were both associated with a greater extent of concurrent use of cigarettes with alcohol (b = 0.140; SE = 0.066; t = 2.1; p = .035) and cannabis (b = 0.136; SE = 0.058; t = 2.4; p = .019) on a given day.
Results suggest that perceived reward from concurrently using cigarettes with alcohol or cannabis is associated with the extent of concurrent use. Findings can inform tailored smoking cessation interventions.
在酒精或大麻的影响下吸烟会带来愉悦感。然而，目前尚不清楚这些感知到的奖励变化是否会影响香烟与酒精或大麻同时使用的程度。本研究通过一项基于智能手机的生态瞬时评估（EMA）研究，调查了在现实生活中，自我报告的香烟与酒精或大麻同时使用时感知奖励的变化是否与同时使用的程度相关。
样本包括旧金山湾区126名不同的年轻成年吸烟者，他们在基线时报告有当前的酒精或大麻使用情况（平均年龄 = 22.8岁，50.8%为男性，40.5%为性少数群体，39.7%为非西班牙裔白人）。参与者完成了一项在线基线调查以及为期30天的基于智能手机的关于香烟、酒精和大麻使用的每日EMA调查。基线调查分别评估了在使用酒精或大麻时吸烟所带来的自我报告的愉悦感变化。EMA调查包括关于前一天同时使用情况（即在使用另一种物质时吸烟的程度）的详细问题。总共2600次每日评估使用混合模型进行分析。
在基线时，饮酒或使用大麻时吸烟所带来的更高愉悦感，均与在某一天香烟与酒精（b = 0.140；标准误 = 0.066；t = 2.1；p = 0.035）以及香烟与大麻（b = 0.136；标准误 = 0.058；t = 2.4；p = 0.019）同时使用的程度更高相关。
结果表明，香烟与酒精或大麻同时使用时的感知奖励与同时使用的程度相关。研究结果可为量身定制的戒烟干预措施提供参考。
