Fang Riyao, Tong Yanan, Liang Dongli, Fang Juan
College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Sci-Tech. University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2003 Nov;14(11):1897-900.
Effects of different mulching on spring corn yield and on soil environment in Loess Plateau, Heyang County were studied. The results showed that different mulching could increase the corn yield significantly. Soil water contents were increased remarkably except normal plastic film mulching, and the upper soil layer kept wet for a long time. Mulching could also reduce temperature difference of day and night, keep soil surface from direct precipitation lash, and maintain better soil structure. Compared with straw mulching, normal plastic film and no mulching, water osmosis plastic film could increase the yield by 6.4%, 23.6% and 29.1%, the water use efficiency 21.5, 20.2, 17.4 and 16.7 kg.mm-1.hm-2, respectively. Straw mulching could remarkably increase soil organic matter and soil fertility. Water osmosis plastic film had the same effect of increasing temperature as normal plastic film. While air temperature was more than 35 degrees C, water osmosis plastic film had the function of reducing extreme temperature, but long term mulching would promote excessive mineralization of soil organic nitrogen and leaching of NO3(-)-N.
研究了渭北旱塬合阳县不同覆盖方式对春玉米产量及土壤环境的影响。结果表明，不同覆盖方式均能显著提高玉米产量。除普通地膜覆盖外，土壤含水量显著增加，上层土壤长时间保持湿润。覆盖还能减小昼夜温差，避免土壤表面直接受降雨冲刷，维持较好的土壤结构。与秸秆覆盖、普通地膜覆盖和不覆盖相比，渗水地膜覆盖玉米产量分别提高6.4%、23.6%和29.1%，水分利用效率分别为21.5、20.2、17.4和16.7 kg·mm-1·hm-2。秸秆覆盖能显著增加土壤有机质和土壤肥力。渗水地膜覆盖增温效果与普通地膜相同。气温高于35℃时，渗水地膜覆盖具有降低极端温度的作用，但长期覆盖会促进土壤有机氮的过度矿化和NO3(-)-N的淋溶。
