Wang Jun, Li Fengmin, Song Qiuhua, Li Shiqing
State Key Laboratory of Arid Agroecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2003 Feb;14(2):205-10.
Field experiments were carried out to study the effects of plastic film mulching on soil temperature and moisture, and on yield formation of spring wheat. The results showed that plastic film mulching could increase soil temperature with "U" variances in the whole growth period of spring wheat. Plastic film mulching could also increase soil available water by restraining evaporation and elevating deep water to the layer useable for roots. The promotion of soil temperature and soil water content under plastic film mulching was favorable to the development and water use of spring wheat in its earlier stage. Root developments were restrained when mulching in later stage of spring wheat, with decreases in crop water consumption and water use efficiency, and there was no significant effects on yield formation. The spring wheat yields under control (CK), pre-sowing irrigation (W), mulching for whole stage (M), pre-sowing irrigation adding mulching for 30 days (WM30), pre-sowing irrigation adding mulching for 60 days (WM60), and pre-sowing irrigation adding mulching for whole stage (WMw) were 2 554, 2,424, 2,750, 3,138, 3,305, and 3,123 kg.hm-2, respectively, and the optimum mulching time was at 40-60 days.
通过田间试验研究了地膜覆盖对土壤温度、湿度及春小麦产量形成的影响。结果表明，地膜覆盖在春小麦全生育期能使土壤温度呈“U”形变化。地膜覆盖还可通过抑制蒸发和将深层水提升至根系可利用层来增加土壤有效水分。地膜覆盖对土壤温度和含水量的提升有利于春小麦前期的生长发育及水分利用。春小麦生育后期地膜覆盖会抑制根系发育，导致作物耗水量和水分利用效率降低，且对产量形成无显著影响。对照（CK）、播前灌溉（W）、全生育期覆盖（M）、播前灌溉加覆盖30天（WM30）、播前灌溉加覆盖60天（WM60）和播前灌溉加全生育期覆盖（WMw）处理下的春小麦产量分别为2554、2424、2750、3138、3305和3123kg·hm-2，最佳覆盖时间为40 - 60天。
