Kol Matthijs A, de Kroon Anton I P M, Killian J Antoinette, de Kruijff Ben
Department of Biochemistry of Membranes, Centre for Biomembranes and Lipid Enzymology, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Biochemistry. 2004 Mar 16;43(10):2673-81. doi: 10.1021/bi036200f.
Biogenic membranes contain the enzymes that synthesize the cell's membrane lipids, of which the phospholipids are the most widespread throughout nature. Being synthesized at and inserted into the cytoplasmic leaflet of biogenic membranes, the phospholipids must migrate to the opposite leaflet to ensure balanced growth of the membrane. In this review, the current knowledge of transbilayer movement of phospholipids in biogenic membranes is summarized and the available data are compared to what is known about lipid translocation in other membranes. On the basis of this, a mechanism is proposed, in which phospholipid translocation in biogenic membranes is mediated via membrane-spanning segments of a subset of proteins, characterized by a small number of transmembrane helices. We speculate that proteins of this subset facilitate lipid translocation via the protein-lipid interface, because they display more dynamic behavior and engage in less stable protein-lipid interactions than larger membrane proteins.
生物膜含有合成细胞膜脂质的酶，其中磷脂在自然界中分布最为广泛。磷脂在生物膜的细胞质小叶中合成并插入其中，必须迁移到相对的小叶以确保膜的平衡生长。在这篇综述中，总结了目前关于生物膜中磷脂跨双层运动的知识，并将现有数据与其他膜中脂质转运的已知情况进行了比较。在此基础上，提出了一种机制，即生物膜中磷脂的转运是通过一小部分蛋白质的跨膜片段介导的，这些蛋白质的特征是有少量跨膜螺旋。我们推测，这一小部分蛋白质通过蛋白质-脂质界面促进脂质转运，因为与较大的膜蛋白相比，它们表现出更动态的行为，且蛋白质-脂质相互作用更不稳定。
