冠心病风险因素与绝经：对1980名德黑兰女性的研究，即德黑兰血脂与血糖研究

Coronary heart disease risk factors and menopause: a study in 1980 Tehranian women, the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

作者信息

Azizi F, Ainy E

机构信息

Endocrine Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Climacteric. 2003 Dec;6(4):330-6.

PMID:15006254

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The menopause is associated with an increased incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). Assessing CHD risk factors in menopausal women can shed more light on the pathogenesis of accelerated atherosclerosis after the cessation of ovarian function.

DESIGN

In this study, 1980 women aged 44-69 years were selected from among 15 005 participants in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and assessed for CHD risk factors. They were classified into three groups: premenopausal women (n = 483), aged between 44 and 50 years, without any history of menstrual irregularities; menopausal women (n = 310), with permanent cessation of menses for at least 12 months and a duration of less than 3 years; and postmenopausal women (n = 1187), with at least a 3-year history of cessation of menses. Demographic information including waist size, height, weight and systolic and diastolic blood pressures was recorded, and body mass index, low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio (LDL/HDL) and waist/hip ratio were calculated. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL were measured and an oral glucose tolerance test was performed. The LDL level was calculated using the Friedwald formula.

RESULTS

Mean systolic blood pressures were 121 +/- 18, 125 +/- 20 and 136 +/- 23 mmHg (p< 0.001) and mean diastolic blood pressures were 80 +/- 10, 81 +/- 11 and 82 +/- 11 mmHg (p< 0.001) in premenopausal, menopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. For premenopausal, menopausal and postmenopausal women, mean cholesterol levels were 215 +/- 42, 238 +/- 45 and 245 +/- 46 mg/dl (p< 0.001), respectively. HDL and LDL levels were 44 +/- 11, 48 +/- 12 and 47 +/- 11 mg/dl and 138 +/- 38, 156 +/- 41 and 161 +/- 42 mg/dl (p< 0.001) for premenopausal, menopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. Mean LDL/HDL ratios were 3.4 +/- 1.4, 3.5 +/- 1.3 and 3.6 +/- 1.2 (p< 0.01) and mean waist measurements were 92 +/- 11, 93 +/- 12 and 95 +/- 12 cm (p< 0.001) for the same groups of women, respectively. However, body mass index, waist/hip ratio and triglycerides showed no significant differences between the three groups.

CONCLUSION

These data demonstrate an increase in CHD risk factors in a group of Tehranian women after the menopause.

摘要

目的

绝经与冠心病（CHD）发病率增加相关。评估绝经后女性的冠心病危险因素有助于更深入了解卵巢功能停止后动脉粥样硬化加速的发病机制。

设计

在本研究中，从德黑兰脂质与血糖研究（TLGS）的15005名参与者中选取了1980名年龄在44 - 69岁的女性，并对其冠心病危险因素进行评估。她们被分为三组：绝经前女性（n = 483），年龄在44至50岁之间，无月经不规律病史；绝经女性（n = 310），停经至少12个月且持续时间少于3年；绝经后女性（n = 1187），停经至少3年。记录包括腰围、身高、体重以及收缩压和舒张压在内的人口统计学信息，并计算体重指数、低密度脂蛋白/高密度脂蛋白比值（LDL/HDL）和腰臀比。测量血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白，并进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验。使用弗里德瓦尔德公式计算低密度脂蛋白水平。

结果

绝经前、绝经和绝经后女性的平均收缩压分别为121±18、125±20和136±23 mmHg（p<0.001），平均舒张压分别为80±10、81±11和82±11 mmHg（p<0.001）。绝经前、绝经和绝经后女性的平均胆固醇水平分别为215±42、238±45和245±46 mg/dl（p<0.001）。绝经前、绝经和绝经后女性的高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白水平分别为44±11、48±12和47±11 mg/dl以及138±38、156±41和161±42 mg/dl（p<0.001）。相同组别的女性平均LDL/HDL比值分别为3.4±1.4、3.5±1.3和3.6±1.2（p<0.01），平均腰围分别为92±11、93±12和95±12 cm（p<0.001）。然而，三组之间的体重指数、腰臀比和甘油三酯无显著差异。