Lewis Frances Marcus
School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2004 Mar-Apr;31(2):288-92. doi: 10.1188/04.ONF.288-292.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To analyze five common assumptions about a family's adjustment to breast cancer and to suggest needed future directions for family-focused research.
Published research in nursing, psychiatry, behavioral medicine, and psycho-oncology about families' functioning with breast cancer.
Evidence from published research is that family members do not modify their coping behavior in response to illness-related pressures, do not appear to learn over time how to manage illness-related concerns, are not responsive to each other's thoughts and feelings about cancer, experience tension in the marriage from cancer, and neither understand nor assist children affected by a mother's breast cancer.
Current assumptions about how families function with breast cancer need to be replaced with a more informed, data-based view that guides the development of better programs and services for assisting families.
Future research and interventions need to address the impact of breast cancer on the primary relationships in a household, the impact of the illness on the family's core functions, and the family members' competencies to manage the illness.
目的/目标：分析关于家庭应对乳腺癌的五个常见假设，并为以家庭为重点的研究提出未来所需的方向。
护理、精神病学、行为医学和心理肿瘤学领域中已发表的关于家庭应对乳腺癌功能的研究。
已发表研究的证据表明，家庭成员不会因疾病相关压力而改变其应对行为，似乎不会随着时间推移学会如何处理与疾病相关的问题，对彼此关于癌症的想法和感受没有反应，因癌症而在婚姻中经历紧张关系，并且既不理解也不帮助受母亲乳腺癌影响的孩子。
当前关于家庭应对乳腺癌功能的假设需要被更明智、基于数据的观点所取代，该观点可为制定更好的项目和服务以帮助家庭提供指导。
未来的研究和干预需要解决乳腺癌对家庭主要关系的影响、疾病对家庭核心功能的影响以及家庭成员管理疾病的能力。
