Bisht Jasbir, Rawat Priyanka, Sehar Ujala, Reddy P Hemachandra
Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Jan 19;15(3):626. doi: 10.3390/cancers15030626.
Cancer is a public health concern and causes more than 8 million deaths annually. Cancer triggers include population growth, aging, and variations in the prevalence and distribution of the critical risk factors for cancer. Multiple hallmarks are involved in cancer, including cell proliferation, evading growth suppressors, activating invasion and metastasis, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, reprogramming energy metabolism, and evading immune destruction. Both cancer and dementia are age-related and potentially lethal, impacting survival. With increasing aging populations, cancer and dementia cause a burden on patients, family members, the health care system, and informal/formal caregivers. In the current article, we highlight cancer prevalence with a focus on different ethnic groups, ages, and genders. Our article covers risk factors and genetic causes associated with cancer and types of cancers and comorbidities. We extensively cover the impact of cancer in Hispanics in comparison to that in other ethnic groups. We also discuss the status of caregivers with cancer patients and urgent needs from the state and federal support for caregivers.
癌症是一个公共卫生问题，每年导致超过800万人死亡。癌症的触发因素包括人口增长、老龄化以及癌症关键风险因素的流行率和分布变化。癌症涉及多个特征，包括细胞增殖、逃避生长抑制、激活侵袭和转移、抵抗细胞死亡、实现复制永生、重编程能量代谢以及逃避免疫破坏。癌症和痴呆症都与年龄相关且具有潜在致死性，影响生存。随着人口老龄化加剧，癌症和痴呆症给患者、家庭成员、医疗保健系统以及非正式/正式护理人员带来负担。在本文中，我们重点关注不同种族、年龄和性别的癌症患病率。我们的文章涵盖了与癌症相关的风险因素、遗传原因、癌症类型和合并症。与其他种族群体相比，我们广泛探讨了癌症对西班牙裔的影响。我们还讨论了癌症患者护理人员的状况以及国家和联邦对护理人员支持的迫切需求。
