Barreiro Timothy J, Perillo Irene
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
Am Fam Physician. 2004 Mar 1;69(5):1107-14.
Spirometry is a powerful tool that can be used to detect, follow, and manage patients with lung disorders. Technology advancements have made spirometry much more reliable and relatively simple to incorporate into a routine office visit. However, interpreting spirometry results can be challenging because the quality of the test is largely dependent on patient effort and cooperation, and the interpreter's knowledge of appropriate reference values. A simplified and stepwise method is key to interpreting spirometry. The first step is determining the validity of the test. Next, the determination of an obstructive or restrictive ventilatory patten is made. If a ventilatory pattern is identified, its severity is graded. In some patients, additional tests such as static lung volumes, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and bronchodilator challenge testing are needed. These tests can further define lung processes but require more sophisticated equipment and expertise available only in a pulmonary function laboratory.
肺量测定法是一种强大的工具，可用于检测、跟踪和管理肺部疾病患者。技术进步使肺量测定法更加可靠，并且相对容易纳入常规门诊就诊中。然而，解读肺量测定结果可能具有挑战性，因为测试质量在很大程度上取决于患者的努力程度和配合度，以及解读人员对适当参考值的了解。一种简化的逐步方法是解读肺量测定结果的关键。第一步是确定测试的有效性。接下来，确定阻塞性或限制性通气模式。如果识别出通气模式，则对其严重程度进行分级。在一些患者中，需要进行额外的测试，如静态肺容量、肺一氧化碳弥散量和支气管扩张剂激发试验。这些测试可以进一步明确肺部情况，但需要更精密的设备和仅在肺功能实验室才具备的专业知识。
