[The risk of maternal venous thromboembolism disease. Synopsis and definition of high-risk groups].

Risk factors for venous thromboembolic disease, during pregnancy and post-partum, can be identified in as much as 75% of pregnant women, who present such an accident. Different risk factors are usually associated in the same women. Risk factors can be attribuated to the pregnant women (age over 35 years, overweight, varicose veins, smoking, previous deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism) or to the conditions of the pregnancy (multiparity, immobilisation, hypertension and pre-eclampsia, cesarean delivery). Inherited or acquired biological thrombophilia enhance the risk of thrombosis but the magnitude of this effect in ante-partum, puerperium or post-partum depends on the nature of the abnormality. The analysis of all these risk factors and their cumulative effect enable classifying pregnant women into groups with very high risk, high risk or moderate risk for venous thromboembolism and to propose an adapted strategy to prevent the occurrence of such accidents.