Kehr Hugo M
University of Munich, Germany.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2004 Mar;30(3):315-27. doi: 10.1177/0146167203256967.
The compensatory model of motivation and volition is based on the assumption that discrepancies between implicit and explicit motives lead to psychological conflict, and that resolution of this conflict requires volitional regulation and consumes volitional strength. This suggests that implicit/explicit motive discrepancies (IED) are responsible for decreases in volitional strength. A longitudinal field study with 82 managers was conducted to test this proposition. Results show that IED longitudinally predicted decreases in volitional strength. Furthermore, structural equation modeling revealed that volitional strength mediated the relation between IED and impaired subjective well-being. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed, particularly with respect to volitional depletion.
内隐动机与外显动机之间的差异会导致心理冲突，而解决这种冲突需要意志调节并消耗意志力量。这表明内隐/外显动机差异（IED）是意志力量下降的原因。对82名经理进行了一项纵向实地研究以检验这一命题。结果表明，IED能纵向预测意志力量的下降。此外，结构方程模型显示，意志力量介导了IED与主观幸福感受损之间的关系。讨论了这些结果的理论和实践意义，特别是关于意志耗竭方面。
