Burger Jerry M, Messian Nicole, Patel Shebani, del Prado Alicia, Anderson Carmen
Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, CA 95053, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2004 Jan;30(1):35-43. doi: 10.1177/0146167203258838.
Four studies examined the effect of an incidental similarity on compliance to a request. Undergraduates who believed they shared a birthday (Study 1), a first name (Study 2), or fingerprint similarities (Study 3) with a requester were more likely to comply with a request than participants who did not perceive an incidental similarity with the requester. The findings are consistent with past research demonstrating that people often rely on heuristic processing when responding to requests and with Heider's description of unit relationships in which perceived similarities lead to positive affect. Consistent with the unit relation interpretation, participants did not increase compliance when hearing about an incidental similarity with someone other than the requester or when they believed the feature they shared with the requester was common.
四项研究考察了偶然相似性对请求依从性的影响。认为自己与请求者共享生日（研究1）、名字（研究2）或指纹相似性（研究3）的大学生比未察觉到与请求者有偶然相似性的参与者更有可能依从请求。这些发现与过去的研究一致，过去的研究表明人们在回应请求时经常依赖启发式加工，也与海德对单元关系的描述一致，即感知到的相似性会产生积极情感。与单元关系解释一致的是，当参与者听说与请求者以外的其他人有偶然相似性，或者当他们认为自己与请求者共享的特征很常见时，他们的依从性并没有增加。
