Harding Keith
Conservation and Environmental Chemistry Centre, School of Contemporary Sciences, University of Abertay Dundee, Scotland UK.
Cryo Letters. 2004 Jan-Feb;25(1):3-22.
Cryopreservation techniques exist for some 100-plant species. Cryopreservation for the long-term conservation of in vitro germplasm results in the exposure of tissues to physical, chemical and physiological stresses causing cryoinjury. Although, the effects of cryoinjury upon the genome are often unknown, any accumulative DNA polymorphisms may not be induced by cryopreservation per se but are the result of the whole culture-cryoprotection-regeneration process. It is desirable to assess the genetic integrity of plants surviving cryogenic storage to determine if they are true to type after cryopreservation. This can be done at the phenotypic, histological, cytological, biochemical and molecular levels. The relevance of these approaches to stability investigations is discussed with their limitations. This review provides a definition for Cryobionomics - a novel term describing the re-modelled concept of genetic stability and the re-introduction of cryopreserved plants into the environment.
大约有100种植物存在冷冻保存技术。用于体外种质长期保存的冷冻保存会使组织暴露于导致冷冻损伤的物理、化学和生理应激之下。尽管冷冻损伤对基因组的影响通常未知，但任何累积的DNA多态性可能并非由冷冻保存本身诱导，而是整个培养-冷冻保护-再生过程的结果。评估低温保存后存活植物的遗传完整性以确定它们在冷冻保存后是否与原类型一致是很有必要的。这可以在表型、组织学、细胞学、生化和分子水平上进行。讨论了这些方法与稳定性研究的相关性及其局限性。本综述给出了低温生物学的定义——一个描述遗传稳定性重塑概念以及将冷冻保存植物重新引入环境的新术语。
