Furnkranz A, Leitinger N
Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, University of Vienna, Austria.
Curr Pharm Des. 2004;10(8):915-21. doi: 10.2174/1381612043452929.
Increasing evidence points to the role of oxidized phospholipids as modulators of inflammatory processes. These modified phospholipids are derived from lipoproteins or cellular membranes and accumulate at sites of inflammation such as atherosclerotic lesions. It has been shown that oxidized phospholipids influence a variety of cellular functions such as chemokine production and expression of adhesion molecules. Furthermore, recent reports indicate that oxidized phospholipids act as ligands for pattern-recognition receptors which detect conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns during innate immune defense. Thus, the diversity of individual phospholipid oxidation products reflects the many aspects of the inflammatory process they influence. In this review, we focus on structural features used to classify different oxidized phospholipids and how they relate to specific biological responses. As the chemical identification of oxidized phospholipid products proceeds, distinctive structural motifs emerge that can help us to understand the mechanism of action of these unique compounds and how to intervene for therapeutic purposes.
越来越多的证据表明氧化磷脂在炎症过程中起到调节作用。这些修饰的磷脂源自脂蛋白或细胞膜，并在诸如动脉粥样硬化病变等炎症部位积聚。研究表明，氧化磷脂会影响多种细胞功能，如趋化因子的产生和黏附分子的表达。此外，最近的报告指出，氧化磷脂可作为模式识别受体的配体，这些受体在天然免疫防御过程中检测保守的病原体相关分子模式。因此，单个磷脂氧化产物的多样性反映了它们所影响的炎症过程的诸多方面。在本综述中，我们重点关注用于分类不同氧化磷脂的结构特征以及它们与特定生物学反应的关系。随着氧化磷脂产物化学鉴定工作的推进，独特的结构基序逐渐显现，这有助于我们理解这些独特化合物的作用机制以及如何进行治疗干预。
