Harrison R A, Holt D, Pattison D J, Elton P J
Evidence for Population Health Unit, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2004 Apr;91(4):617-23. doi: 10.1079/BJN20031076.
Many people take dietary supplements, but information on characteristics associated with their use is lacking. The relationship between lifestyle behaviours, morbidity and use of dietary supplements has not been examined and earlier studies have limited applicability to a general population. These issues were addressed in the current study. Information was obtained by postal questionnaire sent to a sample of the general population. The questionnaire was completed by 70.5 % of the sample (15 465 from a total sample of 21 923), with at least one-third (35.5 %) taking dietary supplements. In adjusted analyses, supplement users were more likely to be women, white, home-owners, non-smokers and physically active. Use of vitamin, mineral and/or antioxidant supplements was associated with eating more fruits and vegetables, and taking fish-oil supplements was associated with eating oil-rich fish. A history of CVD or risk factors for CVD reduced the risk of taking vitamins, minerals and/or antioxidants or fish-oil supplements. Those reporting musculoskeletal disorders such as arthritis were more likely to take fish-oil supplements For the first time, we have shown that dietary supplement use is related to different types of morbidity. In particular, people at risk of primary or secondary CVD seem less likely to use dietary supplements, despite possible benefits shown in clinical trials. Public health organisations need to develop guidelines for the public and health professionals regarding the uncontrolled use of dietary supplements in the community.
许多人会服用膳食补充剂，但关于其使用相关特征的信息却很匮乏。生活方式行为、发病率与膳食补充剂使用之间的关系尚未得到研究，而且早期研究对普通人群的适用性有限。本研究探讨了这些问题。通过向普通人群样本邮寄问卷来获取信息。70.5%的样本（21923个总样本中的15465个）完成了问卷，其中至少三分之一（35.5%）的人服用膳食补充剂。在调整分析中，补充剂使用者更可能是女性、白人、房主、不吸烟者且身体活跃。使用维生素、矿物质和/或抗氧化剂补充剂与摄入更多水果和蔬菜有关，而服用鱼油补充剂与食用富含油的鱼类有关。心血管疾病（CVD）病史或CVD风险因素会降低服用维生素、矿物质和/或抗氧化剂或鱼油补充剂的风险。那些报告患有骨关节炎等肌肉骨骼疾病的人更可能服用鱼油补充剂。我们首次表明，膳食补充剂的使用与不同类型的发病率有关。特别是，原发性或继发性CVD风险人群似乎不太可能使用膳食补充剂，尽管临床试验显示可能有益。公共卫生组织需要针对社区中膳食补充剂的无节制使用，为公众和卫生专业人员制定指导方针。
