Vignoles Vivian L, Chryssochoou Xenia, Breakwell Glynis M
University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, UK.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2004 Mar;43(Pt 1):113-32. doi: 10.1348/014466604322916015.
Representations of the person and their significance for identity and action were studied in an interpretative phenomenological analysis of interviews with 42 Anglican clergymen and clergywomen. Participants portrayed the person as having an individual relationship with God and being essentially both unique and related to others; the latter themes supported the coexistence among these participants of both individualistic and relational values, which might be portrayed as either opposing or complementary. The analysis supported theorizing concepts of the person as socially constructed themata with broad implications for identity, values and action, but did not reflect common assumptions in cross-cultural psychology: cultural orientations vary within as well as between nations, and individualism and collectivism are not necessarily opposites. We argue for a more finely grained approach to the study of culture and personhood.
通过对42位英国国教男女神职人员的访谈进行解释现象学分析，研究了人的表征及其对身份认同和行为的重要性。参与者将人描绘为与上帝有着个体关系，本质上既独特又与他人相关；后一个主题支持了这些参与者中个人主义和关系价值的共存，这两者可能被描绘为对立或互补。该分析支持将人的概念理论化为具有广泛的身份认同、价值观和行为意义的社会建构主题，但没有反映跨文化心理学中的常见假设：文化取向在国家内部和国家之间都存在差异，个人主义和集体主义不一定是对立的。我们主张采用一种更细致入微的方法来研究文化和人格。
