Piersen Colleen E
UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research in the Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, 60612, USA.
Integr Cancer Ther. 2003 Jun;2(2):120-38. doi: 10.1177/1534735403002002004.
Phytoestrogens are plant constituents that possess either estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity. Although their activities are weak as compared with human endogenous estrogens, the consumption of phytoestrogens may have clinically significant consequences. A number of botanicals, or the compounds contained therein, have been identified as putative estrogenic agents, but consensus in the biomedical community has been hampered by conflicting data from various in vitro and in vivo models of estrogenic activity. Phytoestrogens may serve as chemopreventive agents while at the same time being capable of promoting growth in estrogen receptor positive cancer cell lines. Furthermore, they may exert their estrogenic influence through receptor-dependent and/or receptor-independent mechanisms. These findings have led to speculation that phytoestrogen intake might be ill advised for patients at an increased risk for hormone-dependent cancers, cancer patients, or cancer survivors. This article will attempt to sort out discrepancies between various experimental models and establish whether certain herbs possess estrogenic activity. The review will focus on 5 popular botanical dietary supplements: Trifolium pratense (red clover), Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh), Humulus lupulus (hops), Angelica sinensis (dong quai), and Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice). It will address their mechanisms of action, clinical evidence bases, and implications for use in cancer.
植物雌激素是具有雌激素活性或抗雌激素活性的植物成分。尽管与人类内源性雌激素相比，它们的活性较弱，但食用植物雌激素可能会产生具有临床意义的后果。许多植物或其中所含的化合物已被确定为假定的雌激素剂，但生物医学界的共识因各种雌激素活性体外和体内模型的数据相互矛盾而受到阻碍。植物雌激素可能作为化学预防剂，同时又能够促进雌激素受体阳性癌细胞系的生长。此外，它们可能通过受体依赖性和/或受体非依赖性机制发挥雌激素作用。这些发现引发了人们的猜测，即对于激素依赖性癌症风险增加的患者、癌症患者或癌症幸存者而言，摄入植物雌激素可能并非明智之举。本文将试图梳理各种实验模型之间的差异，并确定某些草药是否具有雌激素活性。综述将聚焦于5种常见的植物性膳食补充剂：红车轴草、黑升麻、啤酒花、当归和甘草。文章将探讨它们的作用机制、临床证据基础以及在癌症治疗中的应用意义。
