Britton Julie A, Wolff Mary S, Lapinski Robert, Forman Joel, Hochman Sarah, Kabat Geoffrey C, Godbold James, Larson Signe, Berkowitz Gertrud S
Division of Environmental Health Science, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2004 Mar;14(3):179-87. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2002.08.001.
Early age at menarche increases future disease risk. Secular decline in age at menarche has been attributed to body size characteristics, diet, and energy expenditure. Risk factors for puberty have been less frequently explored.
A cross-sectional study of 186 New York Metropolitan Area, 9-year-old girls (54 African-American, 70 Hispanic, 62 Caucasians) used interviewer-administered questionnaires to assess exposures. Height and weight were measured. Pediatricians assessed pubertal development according to Tanner stages.
African-Americans were more likely than Caucasians to have achieved puberty as determined by breast or hair development (stage 2 or higher) [age-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals = 4.91 (2.15-11.19) and 4.25 (1.85-9.77), respectively]. Pubertal development was similar among Hispanics and Caucasians. Adiposity and height were significantly positively associated with breast or hair development. More sedentary activity hours non-significantly increased the likelihood of hair development. Lower energy, but higher polyunsaturated fat, consumption were suggestive of an association with breast development. Vitamin C and hair development were inversely related. No other nutrients or physical activity measures were related to pubertal development.
Results are consistent with height and adiposity being associated with pubertal development. Sedentary activity or diet might possibly influence maturation.
初潮年龄过早会增加未来患病风险。初潮年龄的长期下降归因于体型特征、饮食和能量消耗。青春期的风险因素较少被探讨。
对纽约大都市地区186名9岁女孩（54名非裔美国人、70名西班牙裔、62名白种人）进行横断面研究，使用访员管理的问卷评估暴露情况。测量身高和体重。儿科医生根据坦纳分期评估青春期发育。
根据乳房或毛发发育情况（2期或更高）确定，非裔美国人比白种人更易进入青春期[年龄调整后的优势比和95%置信区间分别为4.91（2.15 - 11.19）和4.25（1.85 - 9.77）]。西班牙裔和白种人的青春期发育情况相似。肥胖和身高与乳房或毛发发育显著正相关。久坐活动时间增加与毛发发育的可能性增加无显著关联。能量摄入较低但多不饱和脂肪摄入较高提示与乳房发育有关联。维生素C与毛发发育呈负相关。没有其他营养素或身体活动指标与青春期发育有关。
结果表明身高和肥胖与青春期发育有关。久坐活动或饮食可能会影响成熟。
