Burmester Thorsten
Institute of Zoology, University of Mainz, Mainz D-55099, Germany.
Micron. 2004;35(1-2):121-2. doi: 10.1016/j.micron.2003.10.034.
Hemocyanins are copper-containing, multi-subunit proteins that transport oxygen in the hemolymph of many molluscs and arthropods [Markl and Decher, Adv. Comp. Environ. Physiol. 13 (1992) 325; 15563]. Arthropod hemocyanins originated more than 550 million years ago from oxygen-consuming phenoloxidases. Hemocyanins are present in various Onychophora, Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, and Hexapoda, but subunit evolution differs striking in these arthropod subphyla. Hemocyanins also gave rise to non-respiratory proteins (crustacean pseudo-hemocyanins, insect hexamerins, and hexamerin receptors), which most likely have storage functions.
血蓝蛋白是含铜的多亚基蛋白质，在许多软体动物和节肢动物的血淋巴中运输氧气[马克尔和德彻，《比较与环境生理学进展》13（1992年）325；15563]。节肢动物血蓝蛋白起源于5.5亿多年前的耗氧酚氧化酶。血蓝蛋白存在于各种有爪动物、螯肢动物、多足动物、甲壳动物和六足动物中，但在这些节肢动物亚门中，亚基进化差异显著。血蓝蛋白还衍生出非呼吸蛋白（甲壳类假血蓝蛋白、昆虫六聚体蛋白和六聚体蛋白受体），它们很可能具有储存功能。
