Xu Xuegong, Lin Huiping, Fu Zaiyi
Department of Geography, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Yiheyuan Road 5, 100871 Beijing, China.
J Environ Manage. 2004 Mar;70(3):253-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2003.12.001.
Ecological risk assessment (ERA) is a new field of study for evaluating the risks associated with a possible eco-environmental hazard under uncertainty. Regional ERA is more complex than general ERA, as it requires that risk receptors, risk sources, risk exposure, uncertainty and especially spatial heterogeneity all be taken into account. In this paper, a five-step process of regional ERA is developed and tested through a wetland case study in the Yellow River Delta in China. First, indices and formulas are established for measuring degrees of ecological risk and damage to ecosystems. Using a combination of remote sensing data, historical records and survey data, and with the assistance of GIS techniques, the indices and formulas are then applied to the wetland in the study area. On the basis of the assessment results, we propose a number of countermeasures for the various risk zones in the Yellow River Delta.
生态风险评估（ERA）是一个新的研究领域，用于评估在不确定性下与可能的生态环境危害相关的风险。区域生态风险评估比一般的生态风险评估更为复杂，因为它要求考虑风险受体、风险源、风险暴露、不确定性，尤其是空间异质性。本文通过中国黄河三角洲的一个湿地案例研究，开发并测试了区域生态风险评估的五步流程。首先，建立用于衡量生态风险程度和生态系统损害的指标和公式。然后，结合遥感数据、历史记录和调查数据，并借助地理信息系统（GIS）技术，将这些指标和公式应用于研究区域的湿地。根据评估结果，我们针对黄河三角洲的不同风险区域提出了一些应对措施。
