Nebreda M, Moreno A, Pérez N, Palacios I, Seco-Fernández V, Fereres A
Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales (CSIC), c/Serrano 115 Dpdo, Madrid 28006, Spain.
Virus Res. 2004 Mar;100(1):83-8. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2003.12.016.
This research sought to identify the aphid virus vector species associated with lettuce and broccoli crops in Spain, and to determine their population dynamics and ability to transmit Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV). Green tile traps and Moericke yellow water-pan traps were used to monitor aphid flights during the spring and autumn growing seasons of 2001. Aphid species feeding on lettuce were counted weekly. The transmission efficiencies of LMV were determined for the aphid species caught most frequently. The Moericke traps generally caught more aphid species than the tile trap, but the latter was the most suitable to estimate flight activity of species involved in virus spread. Spring aphid catches indicated that the main aphid species landing on lettuce in the regions of Madrid and Murcia was Hyperomyzus lactucae, but Brachycaudus helichrysi was also abundant in both regions. In broccoli in the Navarra region, the most abundant species in spring were Aphis fabae, B. helichrysi and H. lactucae. In autumn-sown crops, the main species landing on lettuce in the Madrid region were Hyadaphis coriandri and Aphis spiraecola. In Murcia, A. spiraecola and Myzus persicae were the most abundant, while in Navarra, Therioaphis trifolii, and various Aphis spp. were the most numerous landing on broccoli. The main aphid species colonising lettuce was Nasonovia ribisnigri, but other less abundant colonising species were Aulacorthum solani and Macrosiphum euphorbiae. The most efficient vectors of LMV were M. persicae, Aphis gossypii and M. euphorbiae, while A. fabae and H. lactucae transmitted with low efficiency, and Rhopalosiphum padi and N. ribisnigri did not transmit. Occurrence of LMV epidemics in central Spain in relation to aphid flights and the role of weeds as virus reservoirs is discussed.
本研究旨在确定西班牙与生菜和西兰花作物相关的蚜虫病毒传播媒介种类，并确定其种群动态以及传播生菜花叶病毒（LMV）的能力。在2001年的春季和秋季生长季节，使用绿色瓷砖诱捕器和莫里克黄色水盘诱捕器监测蚜虫飞行情况。每周统计取食生菜的蚜虫种类。对捕获频率最高的蚜虫种类测定其LMV传播效率。莫里克诱捕器通常比瓷砖诱捕器捕获到更多的蚜虫种类，但后者最适合估算参与病毒传播的蚜虫种类的飞行活动。春季蚜虫捕获情况表明，马德里和穆尔西亚地区落在生菜上的主要蚜虫种类是莴苣指管蚜，但在这两个地区短尾蚜也很常见。在纳瓦拉地区的西兰花上，春季最常见的种类是豆蚜、短尾蚜和莴苣指管蚜。在秋季播种的作物中，马德里地区落在生菜上的主要种类是芫荽蚜和绣线菊蚜。在穆尔西亚，绣线菊蚜和桃蚜最为常见，而在纳瓦拉，三叶草斑蚜和各种蚜属蚜虫是落在西兰花上数量最多的。定殖在生菜上的主要蚜虫种类是黑背蚜，但其他定殖数量较少的种类是茄沟无网蚜和大戟长管蚜。LMV最有效的传播媒介是桃蚜、棉蚜和大戟长管蚜，而豆蚜和莴苣指管蚜传播效率较低，禾谷缢管蚜和黑背蚜不传播。文中讨论了西班牙中部LMV流行情况与蚜虫飞行的关系以及杂草作为病毒宿主的作用。
