Chambres O, Giraud C, Gouffrant J M, Debry C
Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service d'Oto-rhino-lnryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale, Avenue Molière, F-67098 Strasbourg, France.
Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord). 2003;124(4):221-8.
Bullfighting (corrida) dates back to the 13th century in France, especially in the Camargue and the South-West, even if this fight between man and wild bull had been described before in other countries. The current modern bullfight, as an artistic interpretation, was codified in Spain during the 18th century into 3 tercios (parts): the tercio of the lance, of the bandillera, and of the muletta, which end with the death of the bull. Celebrated by our Spanish neighbours as a national fiesta, the corrida represents a confrontation between the intelligence of man and the power of the bull. Injuries are the heavy cost of this art paid by each bullfighter. Most of them have been injured seriously, or even gored to death inside the bullring. Goring is a single injury, a mix of wound, burn, contusion and infection. Its treatment calls for an expert, which makes this type of surgery highly specialised. Head and neck trauma represents 16% of the total wounds in bullfighting. Its not very often that this type of injury happens, but each time it is serious. This study is based on 1450 case reports, deals with causes and accident circumstances, together with the type of injuries and their early management in the bullring's infirmary. The seriousness of these wounds would justify a head and neck surgeon being part of the medical staff during the corrida.
斗牛（西班牙语为corrida）可追溯到13世纪的法国，尤其是在卡马尔格和法国西南部地区，尽管人与野牛之间的这种搏斗在其他国家此前也有过描述。作为一种艺术演绎形式的现代斗牛，于18世纪在西班牙被规范为三个阶段：长矛阶段、花镖阶段和红布阶段，最终以公牛死亡告终。被我们的西班牙邻国视为民族节日的斗牛，体现了人类智慧与公牛力量之间的对抗。受伤是每位斗牛士为这项艺术付出的沉重代价。他们中的大多数人都曾受重伤，甚至在斗牛场内被公牛抵死。被公牛抵伤是一种单一的伤害，是伤口、灼伤、挫伤和感染的综合。其治疗需要专家进行，这使得这种手术高度专业化。头部和颈部创伤占斗牛总受伤情况的16%。这类损伤并不常发生，但每次都很严重。本研究基于1450份病例报告，探讨了斗牛场上受伤的原因、事故情况，以及损伤类型和在斗牛场医务室的早期处理。这些伤口的严重性表明，在斗牛期间，医疗团队中应有一名头颈外科医生。
