Rudloff Udo, Gonzalez Victor, Fernandez Eduardo, Holguin Esteban, Rubio Gustavo, Lomelin Jorge, Dittmar Michael, Barrera Rafael
Department of Surgery, Hospital Angeles del Carmen, Guadalajara, Mexico.
J Trauma. 2006 Oct;61(4):970-4. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000196871.19566.92.
Despite recent efforts to improve medical treatment for injured bullfighters, including the foundation of a scientific society for bullfight injuries, serious injuries, in particular in villages and smaller arenas, still do occur. We are not aware of any series in the English literature that aimed to study the specific mechanisms, types, and outcomes of these injuries.
A review of the trauma registry of injured bullfighters who suffered any type of trauma during bullfighting and received emergency therapy by the Surgical Trauma Services between 1994 and 2004 at the Plaza de Toros Nuevo Progreso, Guadalajara, Mexico.
In all, 68 out of 750 bullfighters (9.06%) required emergency assistance during bullfighting. Trauma to the upper and lower extremity was most common (66%), followed by injuries to the inguinal (8%) and perineal area (7%). Extremity injuries included penetrating wounds requiring operative debridement in 64% of cases, articular dislocations in 4%, closed fractures in 4%, and open fractures in 1% of cases. Major vascular injuries occurred in 5% of the cases. Penetrating inguinal and penetrating perineal injuries were associated with major vascular injuries to the femoral vessels, necessitating operative repair in 33% of the cases.
A considerable risk of serious, life-threatening injuries is inherent to bullfighting. Penetrating inguinal and perineal trauma with injury to the femoral vessels represents a specific, potentially fatal injury. A low threshold for exploration of these penetrating injuries in injured bullfighters is associated with a favorable outcome. Appreciation of the unique mechanisms and types of injuries related to bullfighting should lead to target intervention and help the evolvement of improved emergency treatment in organized bullfighting.
尽管最近为改善对受伤斗牛士的医疗救治做出了努力，包括成立了一个研究斗牛士受伤情况的科学协会，但严重受伤情况仍时有发生，尤其是在乡村和较小的斗牛场。我们尚未在英文文献中发现有任何系列研究旨在探讨这些损伤的具体机制、类型和后果。
回顾1994年至2004年期间在墨西哥瓜达拉哈拉新进步斗牛场接受外科创伤服务部门紧急治疗的、在斗牛过程中遭受任何类型创伤的受伤斗牛士的创伤登记资料。
在750名斗牛士中，共有68名（9.06%）在斗牛过程中需要紧急救助。上肢和下肢创伤最为常见（66%），其次是腹股沟区（8%）和会阴区（7%）损伤。肢体损伤包括64%的病例需要手术清创的穿透伤、4%的关节脱位、4%的闭合性骨折和1%的开放性骨折。5%的病例发生了主要血管损伤。腹股沟穿透伤和会阴穿透伤与股血管的主要血管损伤相关，33%的病例需要手术修复。
斗牛运动本身存在严重的、危及生命的损伤风险。伴有股血管损伤的腹股沟和会阴穿透伤是一种特殊的、潜在致命的损伤。对受伤斗牛士的这些穿透伤进行探查的低阈值与良好的预后相关。认识到与斗牛相关的独特损伤机制和类型应能促使进行有针对性的干预，并有助于改进有组织斗牛运动中的紧急治疗。
