Graham Margaret A
Department of Anthropology and Sociology, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053-0261, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2004 Jun;58(11):2291-300. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.08.018.
This article examines the relationship between women's food consumption and household economic standing in a small farming community in the southern Peruvian Andes. It is motivated by villagers' comments-"no somos iguales"-about economic inequality within the community and explores the nutritional consequences of this disparity. Analyses of energy intake, measured seasonally by the food-weighing technique, show that women in poorer households experience energy deprivation during the pre-harvest season but better-off women do not. During the rest of the year, women in both economic groups have statistically similar intakes of energy. Energy deprivation among poorer women is associated with a lack of money to purchase adequate amounts of commercial foods when the supply of local foods dwindles. The analyses indicate that in this agricultural community, being "cash poor" is a more sensitive predictor of nutritional risk among women than are landholdings. Despite the veneer of widespread poverty, this study supports villager views that households are not equal and contributes to our understanding of differences among rural Andean women.
本文考察了秘鲁安第斯山脉南部一个小型农业社区中女性的食物消费与家庭经济状况之间的关系。村民们关于社区内经济不平等的评论——“我们不一样”——激发了此项研究，该研究探讨了这种差异对营养状况的影响。通过食物称重技术按季节测量能量摄入量的分析表明，贫困家庭的女性在收获前季节会经历能量匮乏，但经济条件较好的女性则不会。在一年中的其他时间里，两个经济群体的女性在能量摄入量上在统计学上并无差异。贫困女性的能量匮乏与当地食物供应减少时缺乏购买足够数量商业食品的资金有关。分析表明，在这个农业社区，“现金匮乏”比土地占有情况更能敏感地预示女性的营养风险。尽管普遍贫困的表象存在，但本研究支持了村民们关于家庭不平等的观点，并有助于我们理解安第斯农村女性之间的差异。
