Souba Wiley W
Department of Surgery H051, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
J Surg Res. 2004 Apr;117(2):177-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2004.01.020.
Understanding leadership as being about a person in charge is not wrong, but it is no longer adequate. The challenges and problems confronting medicine today are so complex and unpredictable that it is practically impossible for one person to accomplish the work of leadership alone. More leadership requires more shared work, but as hospitals and medical centers begin to break down departmental barriers, people have to learn to work with individuals and groups who may have different work ethics, dissimilar styles of solving problems, or even contrasting values. Successful academic medical centers will make use of a broader repertoire of leadership strategies--besides developing leaders, they will develop leadership as a property of the system, as an organizational capacity. While leader development involves enhancing human (individual) capital, the emphasis in leadership development is on social capital and building more productive relationships that enhance networking, collaboration, and resource exchange. Leadership is created in and emerges from the relational space that connects people--accordingly, leadership development involves building high-quality connections between people. To make leadership happen more effectively, academic medical centers will have to identify and study the ingredients that catalyze and enhance human connectivity, augment social capital and activate leadership. Leadership is a uniquely human activity--studying it and how it works is core to the learning organization.
将领导力理解为一个负责人的角色并没有错，但这已不再足够。当今医学面临的挑战和问题如此复杂且不可预测，以至于一个人几乎不可能独自完成领导工作。更多的领导力需要更多的共同协作，但随着医院和医疗中心开始打破部门壁垒，人们必须学会与那些可能有不同职业道德、不同问题解决方式甚至不同价值观的个人和团体合作。成功的学术医疗中心将运用更广泛的领导策略——除了培养领导者，他们还将把领导力发展为系统的一种属性，一种组织能力。虽然领导者培养涉及提升人力（个人）资本，但领导力发展的重点在于社会资本以及建立更有成效的关系，以加强人际网络、协作和资源交换。领导力在连接人们的关系空间中产生并从中涌现——因此，领导力发展涉及建立人与人之间的高质量联系。为了更有效地发挥领导力，学术医疗中心必须识别和研究那些促进和增强人际联系、增加社会资本并激活领导力的要素。领导力是一种独特的人类活动——研究它及其运作方式是学习型组织的核心。
