Narr Katherine L, Bilder Robert M, Kim Sharon, Thompson Paul M, Szeszko Philip, Robinson Delbert, Luders Eileen, Toga Arthur W
Laboratory of Neuro-Imaging, Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Apr 15;55(8):859-67. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.027.
Abnormalities in the patterns and frequency of cortical folding might help identify temporal and regionally specific disturbances in normal neurodevelopmental processes that occur in association with schizophrenia. Few studies, however, have investigated gyral complexity in schizophrenia.
High-resolution magnetic resonance images were used to examine differences in gyral complexity, measured three-dimensionally in five separate hemispheric regions covering the entire cortical surface, in patients with first-episode schizophrenia (n = 50) compared with demographically matched healthy comparison subjects (n = 50). The modulating effects of gender and hemisphere were also examined.
Significant increases in cortical folding were observed in the right superior frontal cortex in male schizophrenic patients compared with male control subjects, but not between female diagnostic groups. Significant main effects of hemisphere were found in frontal, parietal, and occipital regions in directions complementary to cerebral torques.
Results support previous findings of right frontal hypergyria in male schizophrenic patients and suggest that these abnormalities predate illness onset and are of neurodevelopmental origin. Therefore, in schizophrenia, sexually dimorphic developmental processes and differences in hemispheric connectivity, which have been shown to influence the organization and/or frequency of cortical folding, seem to be disturbed during gyral formation in utero.
皮质折叠模式和频率的异常可能有助于识别与精神分裂症相关的正常神经发育过程中的时间和区域特异性紊乱。然而，很少有研究调查精神分裂症患者的脑回复杂性。
使用高分辨率磁共振成像来检查首次发作精神分裂症患者（n = 50）与人口统计学匹配的健康对照受试者（n = 50）相比，在覆盖整个皮质表面的五个不同半球区域进行三维测量的脑回复杂性差异。还检查了性别和半球的调节作用。
与男性对照受试者相比，男性精神分裂症患者右侧额上回的皮质折叠显著增加，但女性诊断组之间没有差异。在额叶、顶叶和枕叶区域发现了与脑扭矩互补方向的半球显著主效应。
结果支持先前关于男性精神分裂症患者右额叶脑回过多的研究发现，并表明这些异常在疾病发作之前就已存在，且起源于神经发育。因此，在精神分裂症中，已被证明会影响皮质折叠的组织和/或频率的性别差异发育过程和半球连接差异，在子宫内脑回形成过程中似乎受到了干扰。
