Norström Karin, Olsson Anders, Olsson Mats, Bergman Ake
Department of Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
Environ Int. 2004 Jul;30(5):667-74. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2003.12.005.
Bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone (BCPS) is a high production volume chemical (HPVC) applied in thermostable polymers. BCPS has been detected as an environmental contaminant both in Europe and in North America but it is still not a commonly studied pollutant. In this study, three Baltic Sea fish species; herring (Clupea harengus), salmon (Salmo salar) and perch (Perca fluviatilis) from the Swedish coast, and one inland fish species, arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), were analysed to screen for the occurrence and distribution of BCPS. Salmon and arctic char, were sampled in the early 1970s as well as the late 1990s. Fish eating grey seal (Halichoerus gryphus) and guillemot (Uria aalge) from the Baltic Sea were included to screen for whether BCPS biomagnify or not. The representativeness of the analysed samples for studying bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants was compared through analysis of two well known persistent and bioaccumulating compounds, 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153), and 4,4'-DDE. Pooled muscle and blubber samples based on 4-10 individuals were used for analysis, as well as individual samples of grey seal blubber. 2,4,4'-Trichlorodiphenyl sulfone, was synthesised and applied as an internal standard. BCPS was detected in all marine samples but in only one of the fresh water fish samples. The highest BCPS concentrations detected, 1600 and 1900 ng/g lipid weighet (l.w.), were found in muscle from Baltic guillemot. The results indicate that BCPS is bioaccumulated in both grey seal and guillemot, and that the guillemot has higher concentrations of BCPS than the grey seal (50-500 ng/g l.w.). The concentrations found in different species of fish from the Baltic Sea ranged between 15-37 ng/g l.w. and lower concentrations were found in freshwater species (n.d.-1.8 ng/g l.w.). The present study shows that BCPS is found in all investigated species of wildlife but, in most species, still at low concentrations. However, the guillemot has levels in the low ppm range indicating a considerable biomagnification of BCPS in this species.
双（4-氯苯基）砜（BCPS）是一种用于热稳定聚合物的高产量化学品（HPVC）。在欧洲和北美都已检测到BCPS是一种环境污染物，但它仍然不是一种常见的研究污染物。在本研究中，对来自瑞典海岸的三种波罗的海鱼类，即鲱鱼（Clupea harengus）、鲑鱼（Salmo salar）和鲈鱼（Perca fluviatilis），以及一种内陆鱼类北极红点鲑（Salvelinus alpinus）进行了分析，以筛查BCPS的存在和分布情况。鲑鱼和北极红点鲑在20世纪70年代初以及90年代末都进行了采样。还纳入了以鱼类为食的波罗的海灰海豹（Halichoerus gryphus）和海鸠（Uria aalge），以筛查BCPS是否会生物放大。通过分析两种众所周知的持久性和生物累积性化合物，即2,2',4,4',5,5'-六氯联苯（CB-153）和4,4'-滴滴涕，比较了所分析样本对于研究环境污染物生物累积的代表性。基于4至10个个体的混合肌肉和脂肪样本以及灰海豹脂肪的个体样本用于分析。合成了2,4,4'-三氯二苯砜并用作内标。在所有海洋样本中都检测到了BCPS，但在淡水鱼样本中仅在一个样本中检测到。检测到的最高BCPS浓度，即1600和1900纳克/克脂质重量（l.w.），出现在波罗的海海鸠的肌肉中。结果表明，BCPS在灰海豹和海鸠中都有生物累积，并且海鸠体内的BCPS浓度高于灰海豹（50 - 500纳克/克l.w.）。在波罗的海不同鱼类物种中发现的浓度范围在15 - 37纳克/克l.w.之间，而在淡水物种中发现的浓度较低（未检出 - 1.8纳克/克l.w.）。本研究表明，在所有调查的野生动物物种中都发现了BCPS，但在大多数物种中，其浓度仍然较低。然而，海鸠体内的浓度处于低ppm范围，表明BCPS在该物种中有相当程度的生物放大。
