Zierler Brenda K
Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Circulation. 2004 Mar 30;109(12 Suppl 1):I9-14. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000122870.22669.4a.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) consists of two related conditions: pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Objective testing for VTE is crucial because the clinical diagnosis is nonspecific and insensitive, and the consequences of a missed diagnosis are serious. The purpose of this review is to discuss the utility of venous ultrasonography as the foundation for diagnosis of acute lower extremity DVT. The effectiveness and practicality of venous ultrasonography as a stand-alone examination versus theoretically attractive, but perhaps less practical, combined approaches of ultrasonography with clinical probability assessment and D-dimer testing in the diagnosis of acute DVT is also addressed. Finally, the role of venous ultrasonography in a diagnostic algorithm for suspected PE is discussed.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）包括两种相关病症：肺栓塞（PE）和深静脉血栓形成（DVT）。对VTE进行客观检测至关重要，因为临床诊断缺乏特异性且不够敏感，漏诊后果严重。本综述的目的是讨论静脉超声检查作为急性下肢DVT诊断基础的实用性。还探讨了静脉超声检查作为独立检查方法与理论上有吸引力但可能实用性较差的超声检查与临床概率评估及D - 二聚体检测相结合的方法在急性DVT诊断中的有效性和实用性。最后，讨论了静脉超声检查在疑似PE诊断算法中的作用。
