Kanne Jeffrey P, Lalani Tasneem A
Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Circulation. 2004 Mar 30;109(12 Suppl 1):I15-21. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000122871.86662.72.
During the 1990s, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging underwent extensive technological advancement and expanded clinical use in patients with venous thromboembolic disease, particularly with regard to evaluation of the pulmonary vasculature. In many institutions, helical (spiral) CT pulmonary angiography has become the initial imaging study of choice to evaluate patients with suspected pulmonary embolism, supplanting ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy. In addition, CT venography of the pelvis and lower extremities is often incorporated into the CT angiography protocol to identify or exclude concurrent deep venous thrombosis. MR pulmonary angiography and MR venography are second-line diagnostic tools because of their higher cost, limited availability, and other logistical constraints. As the technology improves and becomes more widely available, MR imaging may play a greater role in the evaluation of patients with venous thromboembolic disease.
在20世纪90年代，计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振（MR）成像技术取得了长足的进步，并在静脉血栓栓塞性疾病患者中的临床应用得到了扩展，特别是在评估肺血管系统方面。在许多机构中，螺旋CT肺动脉造影已成为评估疑似肺栓塞患者的首选初始影像学检查方法，取代了通气/灌注闪烁扫描。此外，骨盆和下肢的CT静脉造影通常被纳入CT血管造影方案中，以识别或排除同时存在的深静脉血栓形成。由于成本较高、可用性有限以及其他后勤限制，MR肺动脉造影和MR静脉造影是二线诊断工具。随着技术的改进和更广泛的应用，MR成像在静脉血栓栓塞性疾病患者的评估中可能会发挥更大的作用。
