Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010 Dec;32(6):1302-12. doi: 10.1002/jmri.22379.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a disease that causes high morbidity and mortality in the population. At present the first-line imaging test for a suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) is computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography, and ultrasonography is widely used for the diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). Although these modalities are proven to be safe and accurate, unresolved issues remain, such as whether CT scanning in patients with a suspected PE should be extended to the legs. Another issue is the diagnosis of recurrent DVT. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a number of advantages in the imaging of VTE. Recent developments of scanning protocols with shorter acquisition times, sometimes complemented by navigator gating or making use of endogenous contrast, offer new perspectives for the use of MRI. This review provides an overview of state of the art MRI techniques for the diagnosis of PE and DVT. Furthermore, the use of new contrast agents such as fibrin labeling to detect thrombi are addressed.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）是一种在人群中发病率和死亡率都很高的疾病。目前，疑似肺栓塞（PE）的一线影像学检查是计算机断层扫描（CT）肺动脉造影，超声检查广泛用于深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的诊断。虽然这些方法已被证明是安全和准确的，但仍存在一些未解决的问题，例如疑似 PE 患者的 CT 扫描是否应扩展到腿部。另一个问题是复发性 DVT 的诊断。磁共振成像（MRI）在 VTE 的成像中有许多优势。最近开发的具有更短采集时间的扫描方案，有时辅以导航门控或利用内源性对比，为 MRI 的应用提供了新的视角。这篇综述提供了用于诊断 PE 和 DVT 的最新 MRI 技术概述。此外，还介绍了使用纤维蛋白标记等新型造影剂来检测血栓的方法。
