Landau S, Lorch E P, Milich R
Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Normal 61761.
Child Dev. 1992 Aug;63(4):928-37.
This study examined the effects of distracters on the television viewing of diagnosed ADHD (n = 19) and normal (n = 20) boys who ranged in age from 6 to 12 years. Subjects were videotaped watching four 7-min segments of "3-2-1 Contact," once in the presence and once in the absence of highly appealing toys. The results indicated that, while in the presence of toys, ADHD boys spent one-half as much time as control boys attending to the television. However, when toys were absent, there were no significant differences in visual attention between ADHD and normal boys. The effect of the toy manipulation was most dramatic with younger children of both groups. Recall of didactic content by ADHD boys and normal subjects did not differ significantly, even when the attention of ADHD boys was reduced. These findings suggest that ADHD children, like their normal counterparts, are active and strategic viewers of television.
本研究调查了干扰因素对年龄在6至12岁之间的已确诊注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）男孩（n = 19）和正常男孩（n = 20）看电视的影响。研究对象被拍摄观看四个7分钟的《3 - 2 - 1接触》片段，一次是在有极具吸引力的玩具的情况下，一次是在没有玩具的情况下。结果表明，在有玩具的情况下，患有ADHD的男孩看电视的时间只有对照组男孩的一半。然而，当没有玩具时，ADHD男孩和正常男孩在视觉注意力方面没有显著差异。玩具操纵的效果在两组年龄较小的儿童中最为显著。即使ADHD男孩的注意力有所下降，他们与正常受试者对教学内容的回忆也没有显著差异。这些发现表明，ADHD儿童和正常儿童一样，都是积极且有策略的电视观众。
